Lipoedema is a common but relatively unknown and underdiagnosed subcutaneous adipose tissue disorder, found almost exclusively in women. It is thought to impact approximately 11% of the female population. What differentiates lipoedema from obesity is that lipoedema causes dysregulated fat growth that is resistant to modification by diet or exercise. Scientific studies of lipoedema versus non-lipoedema fat cells have shown distinct differences in their composition. There is currently no definitive diagnostic tool, however there are key signs and symptoms that can be used to make a clinical diagnosis of lipoedema. It is not uncommon for women with lipoedema to wait decades for a diagnosis, and they are often misdiagnosed, usually with obesity, given inappropriate medical advice, and/or disbelieved when looking for answers. Lack of diagnosis or misdiagnosis has been found to be related to psychological distress, disordered eating, and a diminished quality of life for many women with lipoedema. Recognising lipoedema is an important component in the delivery of optimal women’s healthcare.